Which of the following are reserved keywords that cannot be used for identifier names?

Reserved keywords in programming languages have special meaning and are part of the syntax, which means they cannot be used as identifiers for variables, functions, or other user-defined items. In the context of the programming language typically discussed in a course like EGN3211, terms such as "long" and "while" are indeed reserved keywords.

The keyword "long" is used to define a data type that allows for larger integer values, while "while" is utilized for creating loops that execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. Due to their fundamental role in controlling flow and describing data types, attempting to use these words as identifiers for anything else would lead to errors in the code.

In contrast, the other options consist of words that may be relevant in specific contexts (like "total" and "amount" as variable names) but do not have inherent meanings in the language's syntax that would prevent them from being used as identifiers. Thus, identifying "long" and "while" as reserved keywords is a key understanding in ensuring correct usage of identifiers in coding practices.